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Ubaghs, Casimir - Born at Bergélez-Fauquemont, 26 November, 1800; died at Louvain, 15 February, 1875.

Ubaldus, Saint - Confessor, Bishop of Gubbio, born of noble parents at Gubbio, Umbria, Italy, towards the beginning of the twelfth centry; died there, Whitsuntide, 1168.

Ubanghi - Vicariate Apostolic; formerly part of the Vicariate of French Congo, erected on 14 Oct., 1890.

Ubanghi, Belgian - In Belgian Congo, separated on 7 April, 1911, from the Vicariate of the Belgian Congo and entrusted to the Capuchins.

Ubanghi-Chari - Prefecture Apostolic in Equatorial Africa.

Uberaba - Suffragan diocese of Marianna, in Brazil.

Ubertino of Casale - Leader of the Spirituals, born at Casale of Vercelli, 1259; died about 1330.

Ubiquitarians - A Protestant sect started at the Lutheran synod of Stuttgart, 19 December, 1559, by John Brenz.

Ucayali - Prefecture Apostolic in Peru.

Uccello - Painter, born at Florence, 1397; died there, 1475.

Udine - The capital of a province and archdiocese in Friuli, northern Italy.

Ugento - Situated in the Province of Leece, in Apulia, on the Gulf of Tarentum.

Ughelli, Ferdinando - Historian. (1595-1670)

Uhtred - An English Benedictine theologian and writer.

Ujejski, Cornelius - Polish poet. (1823-1897)

Ulenberg, Kaspar - Convert, theological writer and translator of the Bible. (1549-1617)

Ulfilas - Apostle of the Goths, missionary, translator of the Bible, and inventor of an alphabet.

Ullathorne, William Bernard - English Benedictine monk and bishop. (1806-1889)

Ullerston, Richard - From 1403 held the prebend of Oxford in Salisbury cathedral, and from 1407 the rectory of Beeford in Yorkshire.

Ulloa, Antoine de - Naval officer and scientist. (1716-1795)

Ulloa, Francisco de - Accompanied Hernan Cortés to California.

Ulrich of Bamberg - A cleric of the cathedral church of Bamberg.

Ulrich of Richenthal - Chronicler of the Council of Constance.

Ulrich of Zell - Wulderic; called also of Cluny, and of Ratisbon.

Ulrich, Saint - Bishop of Augsburg, died 973.

Ultan of Ardbracca - Collected a life of the Irish saint for his pupil, St. Brogan Cloen of Rostuirc, on Ossory.

Ultramontanism - A term used to denote integral and active Catholicism.

Unam Sanctam - The Bull on papal supremacy issued 18 November, 1302, by Boniface VIII during the dispute with Philip the Fair, King of France.

Ungava - A Canadian territory lying north of the Province of Quebec.

Uniformity Acts - Statutes passed in an effort to secure uniformity in public worship throughout England.

Unigenitus - A celebrated Apostolic Constitution of Clement XI, condemning 101 propositions of Pasquier Quesnel.

Union of Brest - 1596. The union of the Ruthenians with Catholicism.

Union of Christendom - Includes the Catholic Church together with the many other religious communions which have either directly or indirectly, separated from it.

Unions of Prayer - Details of four unions of prayer.

Unitarians - A Protestant sect which holds as it distinctive tenet the belief in a uni-personal instead of a tri-personal God.

United States of America, The - Provides geographic, historic, and statistical information.

Unity - Characterizes the one Church founded by Christ.

Universalists - A liberal Protestant sect whose distinctive tenet is the belief in the final salvation of all souls.

Universals - Those ideas which, while excluding whatever constitutes the difference of things of the same genus or species, represent that which is necessary to their constitution, is essential, and is therefore common to all, remaining fixed in all vicissitudes.

Universe - Presents a history of astronomy.

Universities - The principal Catholic foundations have been treated in special articles; here the general aspects of the subject are presented.

University College (Dublin) - A constitutional college of the National University of Ireland.

Unyanyembe - Vicariate apostolic in German East Africa.

Upper Nile - Vicariate apostolic; separated from the mission of Nyanza, 6 July, 1894, comprises the eastern portion of Uganda.

Upper Rhine - Ecclesiastical province; includes the Archdiocese of Freiburg and the suffragan Dioceses of Fulda, Mainz, Limburg, and Rottenburg.

Upsala, Ancient See of - History of an episcopal see established at Old Upsala, the center of idolatrous worship not only for Sweden but for all Scandinavia.

Upsala, University of - The oldest university of Sweden.

Uranopolis - A titular see of Asia Minor, suffragan of Ancyra in Galatia Prima.

Urban I, Pope Saint - Died 230. Very little is known about his life, and even his burial place was in doubt for some time.

Urban II, Pope Blessed - Long article on the canon and later Cluniac prior, assistant to Pope Gregory VII. Urban was elected unanimously to the papacy in 1088, but was forced to spend years wandering southern Italy. He died in 1099.

Urban III, Pope - Reigned 1185-87, born at Milan; died at Ferrara, 19 October, 1187.

Urban IV, Pope - Reigned 1216-64.

Urban V, Pope Blessed - Benedictine monk, canonist, diplomat, elected to the papacy in 1362, d. 1370.

Urban VI, Pope - Bartolomeo Prignano, the first Roman pope during the Western Schism.

Urban VII, Pope - Giambattista Castagna, born at Rome, 4 Aug., 1521; elected pope, 15 September, 1590; died at Rome, 27 September, 1590.

Urban VIII, Pope - Maffeo Barberini. (1568-1644)

Urbi et Orbi - Signifies that a papal document is addressed not only to the City of Rome but to the entire Catholic world.

Urbino - Province of Pesaro and Urbino, Italy.

Urbs Beata Jerusalem dicta pacis visio - The first line of a hymn of probably the seventh or eighth century, comprising eight stanzas together with a doxology.

Urdaneta, Andrés - Augustinian, born at Villafranca, Guipúzcoa, Spain, 1498; died in the City of Mexico, 1568.

Urgel - Diocese in Spain, suffragan of Tarragona.

Urim and Thummim - The sacred lot by means of which the ancient Hebrews were wont to seek manifestations of the Divine will.

Urmiah - A residential see in Chaldea, in the Province of Adherbaidjan, Persia.

Urráburu, Juan José - Article on this Jesuit thinker, by Antonio Nadal.

Ursperger Chronicle - A history of the world in Latin that begins with the Assyrian King Ninius and extends to the year 1229.

Ursula of the Blessed Virgin, Society of the Sisters of Saint - Religious congregation of women founded in 1606 by the Venerable Anne de Xainctonge. (1587-1612)

Ursula, Saint, and the Eleven Thousand Virgins - This history rests on ten lines, and these are open to question.

Ursulines of Quebec, The - The oldest institution of learning for women in North America.

Ursulines, The - Founded by St. Angela de Merici.

Ursus, Saint - Member of the Theban Legion, martyr, commemorated from very early times.

Urubamba - This prefecture apostolic was created by a Decree of the Holy See in 1899 at the request of the Peruvian Government.

Uruguay - The smallest independent state in South America.

Uruguayana - Diocese; suffragan of Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Ushaw College - A combined college and seminary for the six dioceses that were comprised in the old Northern Vicariate of England.

Usilla - A titular see of Byzacena in Africa.

Usuard, Martyrology of - A Benedictine monk of the Abbey of St-Germain-des-Prxs, Paris.

Usury - Defines the church's view on money lending.

Ut Queant Laxis Resonare Fibris - The first line of a hymn in honour of St. John the Baptist.

Utah - The thirty-second state admitted to the Union, takes its name from an Indian tribe known as the Utes.

Uthina - A titular see of Africa Proconsularis, suffragan of Carthage.

Utica - A titular see in Africa Proconsularis.

Utilitarianism - A modern form of the Hedonistic ethical theory which teaches that the end of human conduct is happiness, and that consequently the discriminating norm which distinguishes conduct into right and wrong is pleasure and pain.

Utopia - A term used to designate a visionary or an ideally perfect state of society first used by Sir Thomas More.

Utraquism - The principal dogma, and one of the four articles, of the Calixtines or Hussites.

Utrecht, Archdiocese of - Situated in the Netherlands, includes the Provinces of Utrecht, Friesland, Overyssel, Drenthe, Groningen, the larger part of Gelderland, and a small part of North Holland.