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Waagen, Wilhelm Heinrich - Geologist and palaeontologist. (1841-1900)

Wace, Robert - Poet, born at Jersey, about 1100; died at Bayeux, 1174.

Wachter, Eberhard - Painter, born at Stuttgart, (1762-1852)

Wadding, Luke - Historian and theologian, born at Waterford, Ireland. (1588-1657)

Wadding, Michael - Mystical theologian, born at Waterford, Ireland. (1591-1644)

Waire, Venerable - English friar and martyr, hanged, drawn, and quartered at St. Thomas Waterings in Camberwell, 8 July, 1539.

Waitzen, Diocese of - Located in Hungary; suffragan of Gran; probably founded by King St. Stephen.

Wakash Indians - A linguistic family inhabiting the western coast of British Columbia, and the west and northwest of Vancouver Island, as well as a small region around Cape Flattery, Washington.

Walafrid - German poet and theologian of the ninth century.

Walburga, Saint - Fairly lengthy biographical article on this abbess of a double monastery, and author, who died in 777.

Waldeck, Principality of - A former state of the German Empire.

Waldenses - An heretical sect which appeared in the second half of the twelfth century.

Waldsassen, Abbey of - Cistercian monastery founded by Gerwich von Wolmundstein.

Waldseemüller, Martin - Learned humanist and celebrated cartographer. A canon of St-Dié in Lorraine. (1475-1522)

Walenburch, Adrian and Peter von - Auxiliary bishops of Cologne and celebrated controversial theologians, born at Rotterdam at the beginning of the seventeenth century.

Wales - Located in the western portion of Great Britain.

Walkenried - Cistercian abbey of Germany, situated in the Duchy of Brunswick between Lauterberg and Nordhausen. Founded in 1127 by Countess Adelheid of Klettenberg.

Walla-Walla Indians - A Shahaptian tribe dwelling on the Walla-Walla River and the Columbia in Washington and Oregon, from Snake River to the Umatilla.

Wallenstein, Albrecht von - Born at Hermanic, Bohemia. (1583-1634)

Wallon Henri-Alexandre - Historian and statesman, born at Valenciennes. (1812-1904)

Walmesley, Charles - Bishop of Rama, Vicar Apostolic of the Western District, England. (1722-1797)

Walsh, Edward - Irish poet, born at Derry in 1805; died at Cork, 6 August, 1850.

Walsh, Patrick - Irish-American journalist and senator. (1840-1900)

Walsh, Peter - Irish Franciscan, born at Mooretown, County Kildare, about 1608; died in London, 15 March, 1688.

Walsh, Robert - Publicist, diplomat, born at Baltimore, MD., 1785; died at Paris, 7 Feb., 1859.

Walsh, Thomas - Bishop of Cambysopolis, born in London in 1777.

Walsh, William - Bishop of Meath, Ireland.

Walsingham Priory - It stood a few miles from the sea in the northern part of Norfolk, England.

Walsingham, Thomas - Benedictine historian, died about 1422.

Walter, Ferdinand - Jurist, born at Wetzlar. (1794-1879)

Walter of Châtillon - Poet in the second half of the twelfth century, born at Lille; died of the plague in the beginning of the thirteenth century.

Walter of Merton - Bishop of Rochester and founder of Merton College, Oxford.

Walter of Mortagne - A twelfth-century Scholastic philosopher, and theologian.

Walter of St-Victor - Mystic philosopher and theologian of the twelth century.

Walter of Winterburn - An English Dominican, cardinal, orator, poet, philosopher, and theologian in the thirteenth century.

Waltham Abbey - Formerly located near London.

Walther von der Vogelweide - Minnesinger and old poet, born about 1170; died in 1228.

Walton, Brian - English Biblical scholar. (1600-1661)

Wandelbert - Benedictine monk and theological writer. (813-850)

Wangnereck, Heinrich - German theologian, preacher, and author. (1595-1664)

War - In its juridical sense, a contention carried on by force of arms between sovereign states, or communities having in this regard the right of states.

Ward, Hugh - Irish Hagiographer. (1590-1635)

Ward, James Harman - The first Union naval officer to fall in the Civil War.

Ward, Mary - Founded the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

Ward, Thomas - English controversialist. (1652-1708)

Ward, William George - English writer and convert. (1812-1882)

Warde, Mary Francis Xavier - Irish-American nun. (1810-1884)

Warham, William - Archbishop of Canterbury. (1450-1532)

Warsaw, Archdiocese of - Located in Poland.

Wartenberg, Franz Wilhelm, Count von - Bishop and cardinal. (1593-1661)

Washing of Feet and Hands - Owing to the general use of sandals in Eastern countries the washing of the feet was almost everywhere recognized from the earliest times as a duty of courtesy to be shown to guests.

Washington, D.C. - The capital of the United States.

Washington, State of - One of the Pacific coast states, popularly known as the "Evergreen State".

Water, Liturgical Use of - Besides the holy water which is used in rites of blessing, and the water employed in the washing of feet and hands, and in the baptismal font, water has its recognized place in the ritual of every Mass.

Waterford and Lismore - Suffragan of Cashel.

Waterton, Charles - English naturalist and explorer. (1782-1865)

Waterworth, James - English priest. (1806-1876)

Watteau, Jean Antoine - Artist's biography with bibliography.

Waverley, Cistercian Abbey of - Founded by William Gifford, the first monastery of the Order of Citeaux in England.

Way of the Cross - Historical background on this devotion.

Wealth, Use of - The term "wealth" is not used here in the technical sense in which it occurs in treatises on economic subjects.

Wearmouth Abbey - Benedictine monastery in Durham, England.

Weathers, William - English bishop. (1814-1895)

Webb, Benjamin Joseph - Kentucky editor and historian. (1814-1897)

Webbe, Samuel - English composer. (1742-1816)

Weber, Beda - Benedictine professor, author, statesman. (1798-1859)

Weber, Friedrich Wilhelm - Physician, poet, statesman. (1813-1894)

Weber, Heinrich - German Church historian. (1834-1898)

Weber, Karl Maria Friedrich Ernst von - Composer. (1786-1826)

Weedall, Henry - English priest. (1788-1859)

Week, Liturgical - The week was regarded as a sacred institution among the Jews owing to the law of the Sabbath rest and its association with the first chapter of Genesis.

Wegg-Prosser, Francis Richard - Prominent English convert. (1824-1911)

Weingarten - Suppressed Benedictine abbey.

Weis, Nicolaus von - Bishop in Lorraine. (1796-1869)

Weislinger, Johann Nikolaus - Polemical writer. (1691-1755)

Weiss, Johann Baptist - Historian. (1820-1899)

Weissenau, Monastery of - Suppressed Premonstratensian house in Würtemberg.

Weitenauer, Ignatius von - Littérateur, exegete, and Orientalist. (1709-1783)

Weld - Name of a prominent English Catholic family.

Weld, Frederick Aloysius - New Zealand colonist. (1823-1891)

Welle, Prefecture Apostolic of - Located in the extreme north of Belgian Congo, Africa.

Wellington, Archdiocese of - Located in New Zealand.

Wells in Scripture - It is difficult to realize the importance which a country like Palestine attaches to any source of fresh water.

Welser, Bartholomeus - German merchant prince. (1488-1561)

Welsh Church - The term Welsh Church covers "the British Church during the Roman period", "the British Church during the period of Saxon Conquest", and "the Church of Wales".

Welsh Monastic Foundations - The British church was driven into Wales in the fifth century

Welte, Benedict - Exegete, born at Ratzenried in Würtemberg. (1825-1885)

Wenceslaus, Saint - The patron saint of Bohemia, murdered by his brother c. 929.

Wendelin of Trier, Saint - Patron of shepherds. Died c. 617.

Weninger, Francis Xavier - Jesuit missionary and author. (1805-1888)

Wenrich of Trier - Eleventh-century German ecclesiastico-political writer.

Werburgh, Saint - Benedictine abbess, died 699 or 700. Biographical article.

Werden - Suppressed Benedictine monastery.

Werner, Friedrich Ludwig Zacharias - Prussian convert, poet, and pulpit orator. (1768-1823)

Wessel Goesport, John - A fifteenth-century Dutch theologian, born at Gröningen in 1420; died there on 4 Oct., 1489.

Wessenberg, Ignaz Heinrich von - Vicar-General and Administrator of the Diocese of Constance. (1774-1860)

Wessobrunn - Suppressed Benedictine abbey in Bavaria.

West Virginia - The state bounded by Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, Virginia, and on Kentucky.

Westcott, Sebastian - English organist. (1524-1583)

Westeraas, Ancient See of - Located in Sweden.

Westminster Abbey - This most famous of all English abbeys is situated within the precincts of the Royal Palace of Westminster.

Westminster, Archdiocese of - Comprises the Counties of Middlesex, Hertfordshire, Essex, and London north of the Thames.

Westminster Cathedral - A national expression of religious faith given by Roman Catholics to England.

Westminster, Matthew of - The name given to the supposed author of a well-known English chronicle, the "Flores Historiarum".

Weston, William - Jesuit missionary priest, born at Maidstone.

Westphalia - Province of Prussia.

Wettingen-Mehrerau, Abbacy Nullius of - Cistercian abbey in Austria.

Wetzer, Heinrich Joseph - Learned Orientalist, born at Anzefahr in Hesse-Cassel. (1801-1853)

Wheeling, Diocese of - Located in West Virginia.

Whipple, Amiel Weeks - American military engineer and soldier. (1818-1863)

Whitby, Abbey of - Formerly called Streoneshalh. A Benedictine monastery in the North Riding of Yorkshire, England, founded about 657, as a double monastery, by Oswy, King of Northumberland.

Whitby, Synod of - A conference at the monastery of St. Hilda at Whitby or Streanoeshalch. King Oswy with Bishops Colman and Chad represented the Celtic tradition; Alchfrid, son of Oswy, and Bishops Wilfrid and Agilbert that of Rome.

White, Andrew - Missionary. (1579-1656)

White, Charles Ignatius - American editor and historian. (1807-1878)

White, Edward - Grandfather of Stephen Mallory White, born in County Limerick, Ireland, in the latter part of the eighteenth century; died December, 1863.

White Fathers - Missionaries of Our Lady of Africa of Algeria.

White, Robert - English composer. (1530-1574)

White, Stephen - Irish antiquarian and polyhistor. (1574-1646)

White, Stephen Mallory - American statesman. (1853-1901)

White, Thomas - Several of White's opinions were censured by the Inquisition.

Whithorn Priory - Founded in Scotland in the twelfth century.

Whitty, Ellen - Australian nun. (1819-1892)

Whitty, Robert - English Jesuit. (1817-1895)

Whitty, Rose - Irish nun. (1831-1911)

Wibald - Medieval Belgian Abbot. (1098-1158)

Wichita, Diocese of - Erected in 1887, from the Diocese of Leavenworth.

Wichita Indians - A confederacy of Caddoan stock, formerly dwelling between the Arkansas River, Kansas, and the Brazos River, Texas.

Wichmans, Francis - Belgian Augustinian. (1596-1661)

Widmer, Joseph - Swiss theologian. (1779-1844)

Widow - Canonical prescriptions concerning widows in the Old Testament refer mainly to the question of remarriage.

Widukind - Saxon leader, and one of the heads of the Westphalian nobility.

Widukind of Corvey - Historian who lived in the tenth century in the Benedictine Abbey of Corvey, Germany.

Wiener-Neustadt, Diocese of - Suppressed see in Lower Austria.

Wiest, Stephan - Member of the Order of Cistercians. (1748-1797)

Wigand, Saints - Three saints of this name are mentioned in the Roman Martyrology.

Wigbert, Saint - English-born companion of St. Boniface. Wigbert was abbot of Hersfeld and, for a time, of Ohrdruf. He died in about 746.

Wigbod - Theological writer of the eighth century.

Wigley, George J. - By profession he was an architect, but subsequently devoted himself to journalism in Paris.

Wilberforce, Henry William - Third son of William Wilberforce, and younger brother of Robert Wilberforce.

Wilberforce, Robert Isaac - Second son of William Wilberforce, and a younger brother of Samuel Wilberforce.

Wilcannia, Diocese of - Located in New South Wales, one of the six suffragan sees of Sydney.

Wild, Johann - Scriptural commentator and preacher. (1495-1554)

Wilfrid, Saint - Biographical article on this abbot and bishop, who died in 709.

Wilgefortis - The legend makes her a Christian daughter of a pagan King of Portugal.

Wilhelm of Herle - Painter, born at Herle in Dutch Limburg at an unknown date in the fourteenth century.

Wilhelm V - Duke of Bavaria. (1548-1626)

Wilhering, Cistercian Abbey of - Situated on the right bank of the Danube, in the Diocese of Linz, Austria.

Will - This article discusses will in its psychological aspect.

Will and Testament of Clerics - Roman law allowed clerics to dispose of their property by will or otherwise.

Willaert, Adrian - Biography of the composer (1480-1562).

Willehad, Saint - Short biography of the missionary and bishop, d. 789.

Willems, Pierre - Philologist. (1840-1898)

William - Abbot of Saint-Bénigne on Dijon. (962-1031)

William, Abbot of Marmoutiers - For a time he was Archdeacon of Nantes, but renounced this dignity and became a monk at the Benedictine monastery of Marmoutiers. (d. 1124)

William Andleby, Blessed - An English convert to Catholicism, he became a priest. He was martyred in 1597.

William, Blessed - Biographical article on this Cluniac, abbot of Hirschau, monastic reformer, astronomer, musician, who died in 1091.

William Carter, Blessed - English printer, martyred in 1584.

William Davies, Blessed - Biography of the Welsh priest concentrates especially on his imprisonment and martyrdom. Fr. Davies died in 1593.

William Dean, Blessed - Short article on the career of this English priest, martyred in 1588.

William Exmew, Blessed - A learned Carthusian, martyred at Tyburn in 1535.

William Filby, Blessed - English priest, martyred in 1582. Article also has details on Bl. Laurence Richardson and St. Luke Kirby, his companions in martyrdom.

William Harrington, Blessed - Short biography of the English priest and martyr, who died in 1594.

William Hart, Blessed - English priest, was betrayed by an apostate on Christmas Day of 1582, chained in an underground dungeon, and martyred at York in 1583.

William Hartley, Blessed - Short biography of the English priest and martyr, who died in 1588. Also some information on his companions in martyrdom John Hewitt, Robert Sutton, and John Harrison.

William Howard, Blessed - Biography of the Viscount Stafford, who headed the list of Catholic lords pursued by Titus Oates in the so-called Popish Plot. Imprisoned in the Tower and tried before the House of Lords, Stafford was executed in 1680.

William Ireland, Blessed - English Jesuit who was arrested by Titus Oates himself, and martyred along with layman John Grove in 1679.

William Lacy, Blessed - English widower, became a priest. He was martyred at York in 1582.

William of Auvergne - Short article on this thinker, by William Turner.

William of Auxerre - Thirteenth-century theologian.

William of Champeaux - A concise summary of his life and thought, by William Turner.

William of Conches - Scholastic philosopher and theologian. (b. 1100)

William of Digulleville - Fourteenth-century French poet.

William of Ebelholt, Saint - Also called William of Paris or William of the Paraclete. Twelfth-century canon.

William of Gellone, Saint - Late eighth century. The second count of Toulouse, founded a Benedictine monastery, then became a monk himself.

William of Jumièges - Benedictine historian. (d. 1090)

William of Maleval, Saint - Also known as St. William the Great. Hermit, d. 1157.

William of Malmesbury - Benedictine monk at Malmesbury Abbey.

William of Moerbeke - Short article by M. de Wulf on this learned man of the 13th century.

William of Nangis - Medieval chronicler. (d. 1300)

William of Newburgh - English historian. (1136-1198)

William of Norwich, Saint - William's corpse was found showing signs of a violent death. He is the earliest example of a medieval blood libel saint, having died in 1144. His biographer relied on hearsay, and was "a man of unlimited credulity."

William of Ockham - Biographical article on the fourteenth-century Franciscan philosopher.

William of Paris, Saint - Abbot of Eskill in Denmark.

William of Perth, Saint - Honored as a martyr because he was on pilgrimage to Jerusalem when murdered by his adopted son.

William of Poitiers - Norman historian, born of a noted family, at Préaux near Pont Audemer, Normandy, about 1020.

William of Ramsey - A monk of Crowland Abbey.

William of Sens - A twelfth-century French architect, supposed to have been born at Sens.

William of Shoreham - An English religious writer of the Anglo-Norman period, born at Shoreham, near Sevenoaks, in Kent, in the latter half of the twelfth century.

William of St-Amour - Thirteenth-century theologian and controversialist. (d. 1273)

William of St-Thierry - Theologian and mystic. (1085-1148)

William of Turbeville - Bishop of Norwich. (1095-1174)

William of Tyre - Archbishop of Tyre and historian. (1130-1190)

William of Vercelli, Saint - Founder of the Hermits of Monte Vergine, died 1142.

William of Ware - William de Warre, Guard, Guaro, Varro or Varron.

William of Wayneflete - English bishop and chancellor. (d. 1486)

William of Wykeham - Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor of England. (1324-1404)

William Patenson, Blessed - English priest, martyred at Tyburn in 1592. During his imprisonment, he converted several of the inmates.

William Perault - Thirteenth-century French writer and preacher.

William Pike, Blessed - A Dorset layman, a joiner by trade. Converted to Catholicism. He was martyred in 1591.

William Richardson, Blessed - Last martyr under Queen Elizabeth. (d. 1603)

William, Saint - Biographical article on William Fitzherbert, also called William of Thwayt. Twelfth-century Archbishop of York.

William, Saint - Bishop of St-Brieuc, died about 1234.

William Southerne, Blessed - Brief profile of the English martyr, who was arrested while saying Mass, and executed in 1618.

William Spenser, Blessed - Short biography of the English priest and martyr, who was executed in 1589.

William the Clerk (of Normandy) - French poet of the thirteenth century.

William the Conqueror - King of England and Duke of Normandy.

William the Walloon - Medieval abbot. (d. 1089)

William Ward, Blessed - Ward, whose real name was William Webster, was over 40 when he began his studies for the priesthood. He labored for 30 years in England, 20 of which were spent in prison. He was martyred in 1641 at the age of about 80, for the crime of being a priest.

William Way, Blessed - English priest and martyr, d. 1588.

Williamites - Name of two minor religious orders.

Willibald and Winnebald, Saints - Members of the Order of St. Benedict.

Willibrord, Saint - Article on the Benedictine missionary and bishop, who died in 739.

Willigis, Saint - Archbishop of Mainz, d. 1011.

Williram - Scripture scholar. (d. 1085)

Wilmers, Wilhelm - Professor of philosophy and theology. (1817-1899)

Wilmington, Diocese of - Located in Delaware, U.S.A.

Wilton Abbey - Benedictine convent near Salisbury, England.

Wilton, Richard - English Trinitarian scholar. (d. 1239)

Wimborne Minster - Monastery in Dorsetshire, England.

Wimmer, Boniface - Bavarian archabbot. (1809-1887)

Wimpfeling, Jakob - Humanist and theologian. (1450-1528)

Wimpina, Konrad - Theologian. (1465-1531)

Winchester, Ancient See of - This diocese came into existence in 635 when the great missionary Diocese of Dorchester, founded by St. Birinus in 634 for the Kingdom of Wessex, was subdivided into the Sees of Sherborne and Winchester.

Winckelmann, Johann Joachim - Archaeologist and historian of ancient art. (1717-1768)

Windesheim - Augustinian monastery in Holland.

Winding Sheet of Christ, Feast of the Holy - In 1206 one of the (supposed) Winding Sheets used at the burial of Christ was brought to Besançon by Otto de La Roche, and the feast of its arrival (Susceptio) was ordered to be kept on 11 July.

Windischmann, Friedrich Heinrich Hugo - Orientalist and exegete. (1811-1861)

Windischmann, Karl Joseph Hieronymus - Concise article on this philosopher's life and works, by Friedrich Lauchert.

Window, Rose - A circular window, with mullions and traceries generally radiating from the centre, and filled with stained glasses.

Windows in Church Architecture - A history of the use and form of windows in Christian houses of worship.

Windsor - A town on the Thames, in Berkshire, England; rendered Ventus Morbidus in some medieval documents, the name being really from the Saxon Windels-or, "winding shore".

Windthorst, Ludwig - German statesman. (1812-1891)

Winefride, Saint - Seventh-century Welsh niece of St. Beuno. According to legend, she was decapitated by a frustrated suitor and restored to life by her uncle.

Wingham, Thomas - Pianist, organist, composer and teacher. (1846-1893)

Winnebago Indians - A Siouan tribe closely related in speech to the Iowa, Missouri, and Oto, and more remotely to the Dakota and Ponca.

Winnoc, Saint - Early eighth-century Benedictine prior.

Winona, Diocese of - Established in 1889, suffragan of St. Paul, in southern Minnesota.

Winslow, Jakob Benignus - Physician and anatomist. (1669-1760)

Winwallus, Saint - Abbot, contemporary of St. Patrick. There are fifty-some forms of his name, including Bennoc and Winwalloc.

Winzet, Ninian - Benedictine abbot and controversial writer. (1518-1592)

Wipo - Eleventh-century priest and biographer.

Wireker, Nigel - Twelfth-century satirist.

Wirt, Wigand - Theologian, born at Frankfort about 1460; died at Steyer, 30 June, 1519.

Wisconsin - Known as the "Badger State", admitted to the Union on 29 May, 1848, the seventeenth state admitted, after the original thirteen.

Wisdom, Book of - One of the deutero-canonical writings of the Old Testament, placed in the Vulgate between the Canticle of Canticles and Ecclesiasticus.

Wisdom, Daughters of - Founded at Poitiers by Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort in 1703.

Wiseman, Nicholas Patrick - Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster. (1802-1865)

Witchcraft - As commonly understood, involves the idea of a diabolical pact or at least an appeal to the intervention of the spirits of evil.

Witness - One who is present, bears testimony, furnishes evidence or proof.

Witt, Francis Xavier - Composer and reformer of church music. (1834-1888)

Wittenberg - City and University.

Wittman, George Michael - Bishop-elect of Ratisbon. (1760-1833)

Wittman, Patrizius - Catholic journalist. (1818-1883)

Witzel, Georg - Hessian theologian. (1501-1573)

Wladislaw, Diocese of - The historical origin of this diocese is not known precisely.

Wolff, George Dering - American editor. (1822-1894)

Wolfgang, Saint - Tenth-century Benedictine bishop of Ratisbon (Regensburg).

Wolfram von Eschenbach - Middle-High-German epic poet. (d. 1216)